4. gʷer(ə)-
to praise, congratulate, raise one's voice
Reflexes - Liv
Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
NYI | ||||
NYI | arm. kardam ‘rufe, nenne’{2} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | lit. girdžiù, (girdė́ti) ‘hören’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
Reflexes - Liv
Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
NYI | ||||
NYI | [gr. γράφω ‘ritze ein, schreibe’{0} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | gr. ἔγραψα ‘ritzte ein, schrieb’{2} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | [ae. (+) ceorfan ‘abschneiden, eingraben’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | ?[lit. gerbiù, (ger̃bti) ‘ehren’{1} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
Reflexes - Liv
Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
NYI | ||||
NYI | ved. 3s Inj. Med. prá gūrta ‘begrüßt’{2} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | ved. gr̥ṇā́ti ‘begrüßt, rühmt’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | ved. járate ‘singt, begrüßt’{5} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | ved. ā́ gurate ‘spricht Zustimmung aus’{8} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | ved. Opt. áti juguryā́t ‘möge übertönen’; Ind. (YV) samjagára ‘habe versprochen’{11} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | jav. -gərəṇte ‘preist’{3} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | iran. parāči (+) ǰar- ‘sagen’{6} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | [mkymr. barn- ‘urteilen’{4} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | aksl. po-žrъchъ ‘opferte’{7} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | aksl. (+) žьrjǫ, (žrъti) ‘opfern’{10} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
NYI | {9}## lit. giriù, (gìrti) ‘rühmen, loben’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
Cross References - Pokorny
2. ger-ǵā̆r-Reflexes - Pokorny
Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
English | ||||
Middle English | agreen | to agree | vb | W7 LRC |
Middle English | bard | bard | n | W7 LRC |
Middle English | grace | grace | n | W7 LRC |
Middle English | gratis | gratis | adj | W7 LRC |
Middle English | gratitude | gratitude | n | W7 LRC |
Middle English | maugre | maugre | prep | W7 LRC |
English | agree | to concede, admit | vb | AHD W7 LRC |
English | Bard | Laketown hero in Tolkien: The Hobbit | prop.n | LRC |
English | bard | poet/singer, declaimer of epic/heroic verse | n | AHD W7 LRC |
English | congratulate | to express pleasure to, re: success/good fortune | vb.trans | AHD W7 LRC |
English | disgrace | loss of grace/favor/honor | n | AHD W7 LRC |
English | grace | unmerited divine assistance given to man for regeneration/sanctification | n | AHD W7 LRC |
English | grate | pleasing, thankful | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
English | grateful | appreciating benefits received | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
English | gratify | to remunerate | vb.trans | AHD W7 LRC |
English | gratis | free, without charge/recompense | adv | AHD W7 LRC |
English | gratitude | thankfulness, state of being grateful | n | AHD W7 LRC |
English | gratuitous | given unearned/without recompense | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
English | gratuity | tip, something given voluntarily | n | AHD LRC |
English | ingrate | ungrateful person | n | AHD W7 LRC |
English | ingratiate | to gain favor by deliberate effort | vb.trans | AHD W7 LRC |
English | maugre | in spite of | prep | AHD W7 LRC |
Celtic | ||||
Old Irish | bárd | bard | n | IEW ODE LRC |
Welsh | bardd | bard | n | IEW LRC |
West Germanic | ||||
Old High German | queran | to sigh | vb | W7 LRC |
German | Barde | bard | n.masc | LRC |
German | gratis | free, without charge/recompense | adj | LRC |
German | gratulieren | to congratulate | vb | LRC |
Italic | ||||
Latin | bardus | bard | n | ODE LRC |
Latin | congratulor, congratulari, congratulatus | to congratulate, wish joy | vb.dep | W7 LRC |
Latin | gratia, gratiae | favor, grace, esteem, regard | n.fem | LRC |
Latin | gratificor, gratificari | to make oneself pleasing | vb.dep | W7 LRC |
Latin | gratiis | gratis, without recompense | n.fem.abl.pl | W7 LRC |
Latin | gratuitus | unprovoked, gratuitous | adj | W7 LRC |
Latin | gratulor, gratulari | to wish joy | vb.dep | W7 LRC |
Latin | gratus | pleasing, agreeable | vb.ptc | W7 LRC |
Latin | ingratus | ungrateful | adj | W7 LRC |
Medieval Latin | gratitudo | gratitude | n.fem | W7 LRC |
Old French | agreer | to agree | vb | AHD LRC |
Old French | grace | grace, charm, favor | n.fem | W7 LRC |
Old French | gré | pleasure | n.masc | W7 LRC |
Old French | maugré | displeasure | n.masc | W7 LRC |
Middle French | agreer | to fit, agree | vb | W7 LRC |
Middle French | disgrâce | disgrace | n.fem | W7 LRC |
Middle French | gratifier | to gratify | vb | W7 LRC |
Middle French | gratitude | gratitude | n.fem | W7 LRC |
French | gré | will, pleasure | n.masc | W7 LRC |
French | malgré | in spite of | prep | TLL LRC |
Old Italian | disgrazia | disgrace | n.fem | W7 LRC |
Italian | grazia | grace | n.fem | W7 LRC |
Balto-Slavic | ||||
Lithuanian | gẽras, gerà | good, well | adj | LRC |
Lithuanian | girdėti, gir̃di, girdėjo | to hear | vb | LRC |
Latvian | dzirdēt, dzirdu, dzirdēju | to hear | vb | LRC |
Paleo-Balkan | ||||
Albanian | gërshas | to call, invite | vb | IEW LRC |
Indo-Iranian | ||||
Sanskrit | gṛnāti | to praise | vb | W7 LRC |