4. er-, er-t-, er-u̯-
earth
Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English | eard | earth; home, native country | n.masc | ASD LRC |
| Old English | eorþ(e) | earth | n.fem | ASD LRC |
| Old English | middan-eard | middle dwelling, lit. middle-earth | n.masc | ASD LRC |
| Middle English | erthe | earth | n | W7 LRC |
| English | aardvark | nocturnal ant-eating African mammal | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | aardwolf | carrion-eating SE African mammal | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | earth | our world; soil, land, ground | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | earthen | made of earth-soil | adj | W7 LRC |
| English | Middle-earth | world setting in Tolkien: The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings | prop.n | LRC |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Middle Dutch | aerde | earth | n | AHD LRC |
| Dutch | aard | nature, temper | n.masc | ASD LRC |
| Dutch | aarde | earth | n | TLL LRC |
| Afrikaans | aard | earth | n | W7 LRC |
| Afrikaans | aardvark | aardvark | n | W7 LRC |
| Afrikaans | aardwolf | aardwolf | n | W7 LRC |
| Old Saxon | ard | home, dwelling | n.masc | ASD LRC |
| Old High German | art | plow | n.fem | ASD LRC |
| Old High German | erda | earth | n.fem | W7 LRC |
| Middle High German | art | nature | n | ASD LRC |
| German | Art | kind, nature | n.fem | ASD LRC |
| German | Erde | earth | n.fem | LRC |
| German | irden | earthen | adj | TLL LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse | jǫrð | earth | n.fem | LRC |
| Danish | jord | earth | n | TLL LRC |
| Swedish | jord | earth | n | TLL LRC |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic | aírþa | earth | n.str.fem | LRC |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek | eraze | to the ground | adv | W7 LRC |