2. dʰreugʰ-
to harm, deceive
Reflexes - Liv
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NYI | ||||
| NYI | ved. 3p Inj. abhí druhan ‘betrügen’{2}, [(AV) 2s abhí druhas | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | ved. (YV) drúhyati ‘fügt Schaden zu’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | ved. 1s abhi-dudróha ‘habe betrogen’{4} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | aav. Ptz. a-drujiiaṇt- Y. 31,15 ‘nicht trügend’; jav. aiβi.družaiti ‘betrügt’{3}; ap. 3s Ipf. adurujiya ‘log’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | [as. (+) drōg ‘trog’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | as. (+) driogan ‘(be)trügen’ | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celtic | ||||
| Old Irish | drog-, droch- | bad | adj | RPN LRC |
| Breton | droug, drouk | bad | adj | RPN LRC |
| Cornish | drog | bad | adj | RPN LRC |
| Welsh | drwg | bad, wild, uncivilized | adj | RPN LRC |
| English | ||||
| Old English | drēam | dream, joy, religious ecstasy; noise | n.str.masc | GED LRC |
| Middle English | dreem | dream | n | W7 LRC |
| English | dream | deceptive image, thought/emotion experienced during sleep | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | Druadan | Woses' forest in Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings | prop.n | LRC |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old Frisian | drām | dream | n.str.masc | GED LRC |
| Frisian | driech | enduring | vb.ptc | GED LRC |
| Old Saxon | bi-driogan | to deceive | vb.str.II | GED LRC |
| Old Saxon | drōm | dream | n.str.masc | GED LRC |
| Old Saxon | gi-drōg | mirage | n | GED LRC |
| Old High German | gi-trog | deception | n.str.neut | GED LRC |
| Old High German | triogan | to deceive | vb.str.II | GED LRC |
| Old High German | troum | dream | n.str.masc | GED LRC |
| German | Traum | dream | n.masc | LRC |
| German | Trug | fraud, deception | n | RPN LRC |
| German | trügen | to deceive | vb | RPN LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Icelandic | draugr | ghost | n.str | GED LRC |
| Old Icelandic | draumr | dream | n.str.masc | GED LRC |
| Old Icelandic | drȳgja | to carry out | vb.wk | GED LRC |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic | *driugan | to wage/carry on (e.g. campaign) | vb.str.II | GED LRC |
| Balto-Slavic | ||||
| Old Prussian | drāktai | firmly | adv | GED LRC |
| Old Prussian | podrūktinai | to confirm | vb | GED LRC |
| Indo-Iranian | ||||
| Sanskrit | drúhyati | to hurt, hate | vb | RPN LRC |
| Sanskrit | droha-ḥ | harm, wrong, treachery | n | RPN LRC |
| Sanskrit | dhrúk, druh- | injuring, hurting | adj | RPN LRC |
| Gujarati | droh | malice | n | RPN LRC |
| Hindi | dho | malice, injury | n | RPN LRC |
| Hindi | dhok(h)ā | fear, deceit | n | RPN LRC |
| Oriya | dhokā | fear, doubt, injury | n | RPN LRC |
| Sindhi | ḍrohu | deceit | n | RPN LRC |