stem-
to push, thrust; stumble, stutter
Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old High German | gistemōn | To keep to, to comply | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | gistemēn | To keep to, to comply | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Middle High German | stemen | To keep to, to comply | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | ungistuomi | impetuous | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Middle High German | gestüeme | gentle, quiet | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | stamm | stammering | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | stamēn | stammer | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | stam(m)al | stammering | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | stamalōn | stammer | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Middle High German | stemmen | make still, become stiff; (referring to water) get dammed | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old High German | stum(m) | mute/silent | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| East Frisian | stemmen | lift, block, hinder | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| East Frisian | stummeln | stumble | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old Frisian | stum(m) | mute/silent | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old Saxon | stum(m) | mute/silent | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic | stamms | stammering | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Icelandic | stamr | stuttering; disabled, deprived | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old Icelandic | stama | stammer | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old Icelandic | stemma | lift, block, hinder | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Old Icelandic | stumra | stumble | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| English | ||||
| Anglo-Saxon | stam | stammering | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Anglo-Saxon | stamor | stammering | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Middle English | stumren | stumble | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Middle English | stum(b)len | stumble | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Balto-Slavic | ||||
| Latvian | stuomîtiês | stutter, stumble, stop, rear up, hesitate | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Latvian | stumt | bump/collide/push | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Lithuanian | stumiù | push, shove | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Lithuanian | stúmiau | push, shove | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Lithuanian | stùmti | push, shove | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |
| Latvian | stuostīt | bump/collide/push | TBD | IEW UKY GPT |