1. (s)p(ʰ)el-
to cut, split, spall, tear off; board
Reflexes - Liv
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NYI | ||||
| NYI | [aksl. (+) plěvǫ, (plěti) ‘jäten’{2} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
| NYI | spätved. (Sū.) phalati ‘birst, springt entzwei’{3} | NYI | .. | LIV TOL |
Cross References - Pokorny
(s)p(ʰ)elg-pʰel-Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| Old English | speld | torch, piece of wood | n.str.neut | GED LRC |
| Old English | spelt | spelt | n.masc | W7 LRC |
| Old English | spillan | to spill | vb.wk | W7 ASD LRC |
| Middle English | despoylen | to despoil | vb | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | spalle | spall | n | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | spelt | spelt | n | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | spillen | to spill | vb | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | spoile | spoil | n | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | spoilen | to spoil | vb | W7 LRC |
| English | despoil | to pillage, strip of belongings/possessions | vb.trans | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | spale | chip/strip/splinter of wood | n | OED LRC |
| English | spall | chip/splinter of rock/ore | n | OED LRC |
| English | spall | to chip/split/break (rock/ore) into smaller pieces | vb | OED LRC |
| English | spelt | wheat | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | spelter | zinc (cast in slabs) | n | IEW W7 LRC |
| English | spill, spilt | to kill, destroy | vb.wk | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | spoil, spoilt | to strip, despoil | vb.wk | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | spoil | loot, plunder taken from victim/enemy | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Dutch | speld | pin | n | TLL LRC |
| Middle Low German | spalden | to spall | vb | GED LRC |
| Middle Low German | spelderen | split-off pieces of wood | n.pl | GED LRC |
| Middle Low German | spolden | to split | vb | GED LRC |
| Old High German | spaltan | to spall, cleave | vb | RPN LRC |
| Old High German | spalten | to spall, cleave | vb.wk | GED LRC |
| Middle High German | spelte | split-off piece of wood (e.g. lance splinter) | n.wk.fem | GED LRC |
| German | Spalte | rift, crack | n.fem | LRC |
| German | spellen | to spall, cleave | vb | OED LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse | spilla, spillat | to spoil, destroy | vb | LRC |
| Old Icelandic | speld, spjald | board, slab of wood | n.str | GED LRC |
| Old Icelandic | spǫlr | pole | n.masc | GED LRC |
| Icelandic | speld, spjald | tablet | n.neut | ASD LRC |
| Icelandic | spilda | flake | n | ASD LRC |
| Icelandic | spilla | to spill, spoil | vb | ASD LRC |
| East Germanic | ||||
| Gothic | spilda | tablet | n.fem | GED LRC |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin | despolio, despoliare | to despoil, plunder | vb | W7 LRC |
| Latin | spolio, spoliare | to rob, strip, despoil | vb | W7 LRC |
| Latin | spolium, spolia | spoils, booty; splayed hide of animal | n.neut | GED LRC |
| Old French | despoillier | to despoil | vb | W7 LRC |
| Middle French | espoille | spoils, booty | n.fem | W7 LRC |
| Middle French | espoillier | to spoil | vb | W7 LRC |
| Balto-Slavic | ||||
| Old Prussian | spelannxtis | sliver | n | GED LRC |
| Lithuanian | spãlis | flax trimmings | n | GED LRC |
| Old Church Slavonic | platъ | rag | n | GED LRC |
| Old Church Slavonic | ra-splatiti | to split | vb | GED LRC |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Hesychius' Greek Lexicon | σπαλάσσειν | to cut | vb | GED LRC |
| Hesychius' Greek Lexicon | σφαλάσσειν | to cut | vb | GED LRC |
| Hesychius' Greek Lexicon | σφάλις | scissors | n | GED LRC |
| Greek | σφάλλω | to fell, trip up | vb | LS LRC |
| Indo-Iranian | ||||
| Kashmiri | phālawun | to split, cleave | vb | RPN LRC |
| Kashmiri | phalun | to be split | vb | RPN LRC |
| Sanskrit | phálati | to burst, split, cleave | vb | GED LRC |
| Sanskrit | spháṭati | to burst, expand | vb | RPN LRC |
| Sanskrit | sphaṭati | to burst | vb | GED LRC |
| Sanskrit | sphuṭati | to burst, split | vb | GED LRC |
| Marathi | phāḷṇẽ | to tear | vb | RPN LRC |