3. sem-
summer
Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celtic | ||||
| Old Irish | sam | sun, summer | n | RPN LRC |
| Old Irish | samrad(h) | summer | n | RPN CDC LRC |
| Old Welsh | ham | summer | n | RPN LRC |
| Welsh | haf | summer | n | RPN LRC |
| English | ||||
| Old English | sumer, sumor, sumur | summer | n.masc | LRC |
| Middle English | somer, sumer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| English | summer | season between spring and fall | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Old Frisian | somer, sumur | summer | n | CDC RPN LRC |
| Middle Dutch | somer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Dutch | zomer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Old Saxon | sumar | summer | n | ASD LRC |
| Middle Low German | somer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Low German | sommer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Old High German | sumar | summer | n | RPN LRC |
| Middle High German | sumer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| German | Sommer | summer | n.masc | RPN LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Norse | sumer | summer | n.masc | W7 ASD LRC |
| Old Icelandic | sumar | summer | n.neut | RPN ASD LRC |
| Danish | sommer | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Swedish | sommar | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Armenian | ||||
| Classical Armenian | am | year | n | LRC |
| Armenian | amarn | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Indo-Iranian | ||||
| Avestan | hama | summer | n | CDC LRC |
| Sanskrit | sámā | year, season, summer | n | RPN LRC |