1. kreu-, kreuə- : krū-, kreus-, krus-
raw flesh, thick/clotting blood; ice, crust
Reflexes - Pokorny
| Language | Reflex(es) | Gloss | Grammar | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | ||||
| English | creodont | extinct carnivorous mammal, lit. flesh-tooth | n | AHD LRC |
| English | pancreas | compound racemose vertebrate gland | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | creatine | white crystalline nitrogenous substance | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crouton | small crisp cube of fried/toasted bread | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crude | existing in natural state, unaltered by cooking/processing | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | cruel | disposed to inflict pain | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crust | hardened surface/exterior (e.g. of bread) | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crustacean | aquatic arthropod (e.g. crab, shrimp, lobster, barnacle) | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crustaceous | re: hard shell/crust | adj | AHD LRC |
| English | crustose | re: thin crusty embedded lichen | adj | AHD LRC |
| English | crymotherapy | therapeutic use of cold | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crystal | quartz that is (nearly) transparent/(nearly) colorless | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | crystalline | made/composed of crystal(s) | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | ecru | beige | n | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | encrust | to line/cover/overlay with crust | vb | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | Kristallnacht | Night of Broken Glass: Nazi anti-Jewish pogrom | prop.n | AHD LRC |
| English | raw | uncooked | adj | AHD W7 LRC |
| English | recrudesce | to break out/become active again | vb.intrans | AHD W7 LRC |
| Old English | hrēaw, hrǣw | raw | adj | RPN ASD LRC |
| Old English | hrūse | earth, ground | n.fem | LRC |
| Middle English | cristal | crystal | n | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | cristallin | crystalline | adj | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | crude | crude | adj | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | cruel | cruel | adj | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | crust | crust | n | W7 LRC |
| Middle English | raw | raw | adj | W7 LRC |
| Celtic | ||||
| Old Irish | crú | blood | n | RPN LRC |
| West Germanic | ||||
| Dutch | raauw | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| Old Saxon | hrāo | raw | adj | RPN LRC |
| Old High German | (h)rō | raw | adj | W7 LRC |
| Old High German | (h)roso | ice, crust | n | RPN LRC |
| Old High German | rou | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| German | Kristall | crystal | n.masc | LRC |
| German | Kristallnacht | Kristallnacht, lit. crystal night | prop.n.fem | AHD LRC |
| German | Kruste | crust | n.fem | LRC |
| German | roh | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| North Germanic | ||||
| Old Icelandic | hrár | raw | adj | RPN LRC |
| Old Icelandic | hrjósa | to shake, shudder | vb | RPN LRC |
| Old Icelandic | hrúðr | crust, scab on sore | n | RPN LRC |
| Icelandic | hrár | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| Danish | raa | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| Swedish | rå | raw | adj | ASD LRC |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin | crudelis, crudele | cruel, wretched | adj | W7 LRC |
| Latin | crudesco, crudescere | to become hard, violent | vb | W7 LRC |
| Latin | crūdus | raw, uncooked, bleeding | adj | RPN LRC |
| Latin | cruentus | bloody | adj | RPN LRC |
| Latin | cruor, cruris | gore, blood (flowing from wound) | n.masc | RPN LRC |
| Latin | crusta | crust, rind, bark | n.fem | RPN LRC |
| Latin | crystallinus | of crystals | adj | W7 LRC |
| Latin | crystallum | ice, crystal | n.neut | W7 LRC |
| Latin | incrusto, incrustare | to encrust | vb | W7 LRC |
| Latin | recrudesco, recrudescere | to become raw again | vb | W7 LRC |
| New Latin | pancreas | organ in abdomen | n.fem | W7 LRC |
| Old French | cristal | crystal | n.masc | W7 LRC |
| Old French | cruel | cruel, wretched | adj | W7 LRC |
| Old French | escru | ecru | adj | W7 LRC |
| Middle French | cristallin | of crystal | adj | W7 LRC |
| Middle French | crouste | crust | n.fem | W7 LRC |
| French | croûte | crust | n.fem | W7 LRC |
| French | croûton | crouton | n.masc | W7 LRC |
| French | cru | raw | adj | W7 LRC |
| French | écru | unbleached | adj | W7 LRC |
| Balto-Slavic | ||||
| Lithuanian | kraũjas | blood | n | RPN LRC |
| Lithuanian | kruvinà, krùvinas | bloody | adj | LRC |
| Lithuanian | kùrti, kùria, kūrė | to create | vb | LRC |
| Latvian | kruvesis | rough frozen dung in road | n | RPN LRC |
| Old Church Slavonic | krъvь | blood | n | RPN LRC |
| Hellenic | ||||
| Greek | κρέας | flesh, meat | n | RPN LRC |
| Greek | κρυερός | icy, chilling | adj | RPN LRC |
| Greek | κρῡμός | frost, icy cold | n | RPN LRC |
| Greek | κρυόεις | chilling, ice-cold | adj | RPN LRC |
| Greek | κρύος | ice-cold; chill, frost | adj | RPN LRC |
| Greek | krystallinos | crystalline | adj | W7 LRC |
| Greek | κρύσταλλος | (clear) ice, crystal | n | RPN LRC |
| Greek | pankreas | pancreas | n.neut | W7 LRC |
| Indo-Iranian | ||||
| Avestan | xrūra- | bloody, terrible | adj | LRC |
| Sanskrit | kravíṣ | flesh, raw meat | n.neut | RPN LRC |
| Sanskrit | krūrá-ḥ | raw, wounded; blood | adj | RPN LRC |
| Tocharian | ||||
| Tocharian B | krośce | cold | adj | RPN LRC |
| Tocharian A | krośśäṁ | cold(ness) | n.acc.sg | RPN LRC |